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|00000000| 52 65 63 65 69 76 65 64 | 2d 44 61 74 65 3a 20 46 |Received|-Date: F|
|00000010| 72 69 2c 20 31 32 20 41 | 75 67 20 31 39 39 34 20 |ri, 12 A|ug 1994 |
|00000020| 31 36 3a 30 34 3a 31 38 | 20 2b 30 32 30 30 0d 46 |16:04:18| +0200.F|
|00000030| 72 6f 6d 3a 20 70 6f 74 | 74 69 65 72 40 63 6c 69 |rom: pot|tier@cli|
|00000040| 70 70 65 72 2e 65 6e 73 | 2e 66 72 20 28 46 72 61 |pper.ens|.fr (Fra|
|00000050| 6e 63 6f 69 73 20 50 6f | 74 74 69 65 72 29 0d 53 |ncois Po|ttier).S|
|00000060| 75 62 6a 65 63 74 3a 20 | 63 73 6d 70 2d 64 69 67 |ubject: |csmp-dig|
|00000070| 65 73 74 2d 76 33 2d 30 | 35 31 0d 54 6f 3a 20 63 |est-v3-0|51.To: c|
|00000080| 73 6d 70 2d 64 69 67 65 | 73 74 40 65 6e 73 2e 66 |smp-dige|st@ens.f|
|00000090| 72 0d 44 61 74 65 3a 20 | 46 72 69 2c 20 31 32 20 |r.Date: |Fri, 12 |
|000000a0| 41 75 67 20 31 39 39 34 | 20 31 36 3a 30 34 3a 31 |Aug 1994| 16:04:1|
|000000b0| 34 20 2b 30 32 30 30 20 | 28 4d 45 54 20 44 53 54 |4 +0200 |(MET DST|
|000000c0| 29 0d 58 2d 4d 61 69 6c | 65 72 3a 20 45 4c 4d 20 |).X-Mail|er: ELM |
|000000d0| 5b 76 65 72 73 69 6f 6e | 20 32 2e 34 20 50 4c 32 |[version| 2.4 PL2|
|000000e0| 33 5d 0d 4d 69 6d 65 2d | 56 65 72 73 69 6f 6e 3a |3].Mime-|Version:|
|000000f0| 20 31 2e 30 0d 43 6f 6e | 74 65 6e 74 2d 54 79 70 | 1.0.Con|tent-Typ|
|00000100| 65 3a 20 74 65 78 74 2f | 70 6c 61 69 6e 3b 20 63 |e: text/|plain; c|
|00000110| 68 61 72 73 65 74 3d 49 | 53 4f 2d 38 38 35 39 2d |harset=I|SO-8859-|
|00000120| 31 0d 43 6f 6e 74 65 6e | 74 2d 54 72 61 6e 73 66 |1.Conten|t-Transf|
|00000130| 65 72 2d 45 6e 63 6f 64 | 69 6e 67 3a 20 38 62 69 |er-Encod|ing: 8bi|
|00000140| 74 0d 45 72 72 6f 72 73 | 2d 54 6f 3a 20 6c 69 73 |t.Errors|-To: lis|
|00000150| 74 6d 61 6e 40 65 6e 73 | 2e 66 72 0d 52 65 70 6c |tman@ens|.fr.Repl|
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|00000180| 65 71 75 65 6e 63 65 3a | 20 35 36 0d 0d 43 2e 53 |equence:| 56..C.S|
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|000001a0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 46 72 69 2c 20 31 32 |        | Fri, 12|
|000001b0| 20 41 75 67 20 39 34 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 56 6f | Aug 94 |      Vo|
|000001c0| 6c 75 6d 65 20 33 20 3a | 20 49 73 73 75 65 20 35 |lume 3 :| Issue 5|
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|00000220| 44 65 6c 65 74 69 6e 67 | 20 70 74 72 20 74 6f 20 |Deleting| ptr to |
|00000230| 62 61 73 65 20 6e 6f 74 | 20 63 61 6c 6c 69 6e 67 |base not| calling|
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|00000850| 74 68 65 20 64 69 67 65 | 73 74 20 62 79 20 6d 61 |the dige|st by ma|
|00000860| 69 6c 2c 20 73 65 6e 64 | 20 65 6d 61 69 6c 20 74 |il, send| email t|
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|000008c0| 20 68 65 6c 70 09 09 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | help.. |        |
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|00000910| 20 59 6f 75 72 20 4e 61 | 6d 65 09 41 64 64 73 20 | Your Na|me.Adds |
|00000920| 79 6f 75 20 74 6f 20 74 | 68 65 20 6d 61 69 6c 69 |you to t|he maili|
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|00000940| 6f 66 66 20 63 73 6d 70 | 2d 64 69 67 65 73 74 09 |off csmp|-digest.|
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|000009e0| 2f 2f 66 74 70 2e 64 61 | 72 74 6d 6f 75 74 68 2e |//ftp.da|rtmouth.|
|000009f0| 65 64 75 2f 70 75 62 2f | 63 73 6d 70 2d 64 69 67 |edu/pub/|csmp-dig|
|00000a00| 65 73 74 2e 0d 51 75 65 | 73 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 72 |est..Que|stions r|
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|00000a70| 6f 6c 75 6d 65 73 20 6f | 66 20 74 68 65 20 43 53 |olumes o|f the CS|
|00000a80| 4d 50 0d 64 69 67 65 73 | 74 20 61 72 65 20 61 76 |MP.diges|t are av|
|00000a90| 61 69 6c 61 62 6c 65 20 | 74 68 65 72 65 2e 0d 0d |ailable |there...|
|00000aa0| 41 6c 73 6f 2c 20 74 68 | 65 20 64 69 67 65 73 74 |Also, th|e digest|
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|00000ad0| 54 6f 20 73 65 61 72 63 | 68 20 62 61 63 6b 20 69 |To searc|h back i|
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|00000af0| 20 75 73 65 20 63 6f 6d | 70 2e 73 79 73 2e 6d 61 | use com|p.sys.ma|
|00000b00| 63 2e 70 72 6f 67 72 61 | 6d 6d 65 72 2e 73 72 63 |c.progra|mmer.src|
|00000b10| 2e 20 57 69 74 68 20 4d | 6f 73 61 69 63 2c 20 75 |. With M|osaic, u|
|00000b20| 73 65 0d 68 74 74 70 3a | 2f 2f 77 77 77 2e 77 61 |se.http:|//www.wa|
|00000b30| 69 73 2e 63 6f 6d 2f 77 | 61 69 73 2d 64 62 73 2f |is.com/w|ais-dbs/|
|00000b40| 63 6f 6d 70 2e 73 79 73 | 2e 6d 61 63 2e 70 72 6f |comp.sys|.mac.pro|
|00000b50| 67 72 61 6d 6d 65 72 2e | 68 74 6d 6c 2e 0d 0d 0d |grammer.|html....|
|00000b60| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00000b70| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00000b80| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00000b90| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 0d | 0d 3e 46 72 6f 6d 20 6a |-------.|.>From j|
|00000ba0| 63 72 40 6d 62 75 6e 69 | 78 2e 6d 69 74 72 65 2e |cr@mbuni|x.mitre.|
|00000bb0| 6f 72 67 20 28 52 6f 67 | 65 72 73 29 0d 53 75 62 |org (Rog|ers).Sub|
|00000bc0| 6a 65 63 74 3a 20 43 6f | 6e 74 72 6f 6c 73 2c 20 |ject: Co|ntrols, |
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|00000be0| 20 52 65 73 45 64 69 74 | 20 28 6c 6f 6e 67 29 0d | ResEdit| (long).|
|00000bf0| 44 61 74 65 3a 20 32 38 | 20 4a 75 6c 20 31 39 39 |Date: 28| Jul 199|
|00000c00| 34 20 31 39 3a 33 31 3a | 32 33 20 47 4d 54 0d 4f |4 19:31:|23 GMT.O|
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|00000c40| 0d 54 68 65 72 65 27 73 | 20 62 65 65 6e 20 61 20 |.There's| been a |
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|00000c60| 61 74 65 6c 79 20 61 6c | 6c 20 68 61 76 69 6e 67 |ately al|l having|
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|00000c90| 73 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 49 | 20 6a 75 73 74 20 68 61 |s, and I| just ha|
|00000ca0| 70 70 65 6e 20 74 6f 20 | 68 61 76 65 20 62 65 65 |ppen to |have bee|
|00000cb0| 6e 20 63 6f 6e 63 65 72 | 6e 65 64 20 77 69 74 68 |n concer|ned with|
|00000cc0| 20 74 68 61 74 0d 6d 79 | 73 65 6c 66 20 6c 61 74 | that.my|self lat|
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|00000ce0| 74 68 20 63 6f 6e 74 72 | 6f 6c 73 2c 20 73 6f 20 |th contr|ols, so |
|00000cf0| 49 20 64 65 63 69 64 65 | 64 20 74 6f 20 74 72 79 |I decide|d to try|
|00000d00| 20 74 6f 20 70 75 74 0d | 74 6f 67 65 74 68 65 72 | to put.|together|
|00000d10| 20 61 20 63 6f 6e 63 69 | 73 65 20 67 75 69 64 65 | a conci|se guide|
|00000d20| 20 74 6f 20 74 68 65 73 | 65 20 6f 76 65 72 6c 61 | to thes|e overla|
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|00000d40| 20 66 6f 6c 6c 6f 77 73 | 2e 0d 45 76 65 72 79 6f | follows|..Everyo|
|00000d50| 6e 65 20 66 65 65 6c 20 | 66 72 65 65 20 74 6f 20 |ne feel |free to |
|00000d60| 61 64 64 20 74 6f 20 69 | 74 2e 20 4f 72 20 73 65 |add to i|t. Or se|
|00000d70| 6e 64 20 63 6f 6d 6d 65 | 6e 74 73 20 74 6f 20 6d |nd comme|nts to m|
|00000d80| 65 20 61 6e 64 20 49 27 | 6c 6c 0d 69 6e 63 6f 72 |e and I'|ll.incor|
|00000d90| 70 6f 72 61 74 65 2e 0d | 0d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d |porate..|.=======|
|00000da0| 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d | 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d |========|========|
|00000db0| 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d | 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d |========|========|
|00000dc0| 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d | 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d |========|========|
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|00003720| 0d 63 6c 61 73 73 20 44 | 65 72 69 76 65 64 20 3a |.class D|erived :|
|00003730| 20 70 75 62 6c 69 63 20 | 42 61 73 65 20 20 20 20 | public |Base    |
|00003740| 20 2f 2f 20 44 65 72 69 | 76 65 64 20 63 6c 61 73 | // Deri|ved clas|
|00003750| 73 2c 20 68 61 73 20 61 | 20 63 6f 6e 73 74 72 75 |s, has a| constru|
|00003760| 63 74 6f 72 0d 7b 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |ctor.{  |        |
|00003770| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |        |        |
|00003780| 20 20 20 20 20 2f 2f 20 | 61 6e 64 20 64 65 73 74 |     // |and dest|
|00003790| 72 75 63 74 6f 72 0d 70 | 75 62 6c 69 63 3a 0d 20 |ructor.p|ublic:. |
|000037a0| 20 20 20 44 65 72 69 76 | 65 64 28 20 76 6f 69 64 |   Deriv|ed( void|
|000037b0| 20 29 3b 0d 20 20 20 20 | 76 69 72 74 75 61 6c 20 | );.    |virtual |
|000037c0| 7e 44 65 72 69 76 65 64 | 28 20 76 6f 69 64 20 29 |~Derived|( void )|
|000037d0| 3b 0d 20 20 20 20 63 68 | 61 72 2a 20 74 68 65 50 |;.    ch|ar* theP|
|000037e0| 3b 0d 7d 3b 0d 20 0d 44 | 65 72 69 76 65 64 3a 3a |;.};. .D|erived::|
|000037f0| 44 65 72 69 76 65 64 28 | 20 76 6f 69 64 20 29 0d |Derived(| void ).|
|00003800| 7b 0d 20 20 20 20 74 68 | 65 50 20 3d 20 6e 65 77 |{.    th|eP = new|
|00003810| 20 63 68 61 72 20 5b 32 | 30 30 30 30 5d 3b 20 20 | char [2|0000];  |
|00003820| 20 20 2f 2f 20 41 6c 6c | 6f 63 61 74 65 20 73 6f |  // All|ocate so|
|00003830| 6d 65 20 73 70 61 63 65 | 0d 7d 0d 20 0d 44 65 72 |me space|.}. .Der|
|00003840| 69 76 65 64 3a 3a 7e 44 | 65 72 69 76 65 64 28 20 |ived::~D|erived( |
|00003850| 76 6f 69 64 20 29 0d 7b | 0d 20 20 20 20 69 66 20 |void ).{|.    if |
|00003860| 28 20 74 68 65 50 20 21 | 3d 20 30 20 29 0d 20 20 |( theP !|= 0 ).  |
|00003870| 20 20 20 20 20 20 64 65 | 6c 65 74 65 5b 5d 20 74 |      de|lete[] t|
|00003880| 68 65 50 3b 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 2f 2f |heP;    |      //|
|00003890| 20 46 72 65 65 20 69 66 | 20 61 6c 6c 6f 63 61 74 | Free if| allocat|
|000038a0| 65 64 0d 7d 0d 20 0d 76 | 6f 69 64 20 20 20 20 44 |ed.}. .v|oid    D|
|000038b0| 65 6c 65 74 65 44 65 72 | 69 76 65 64 28 20 44 65 |eleteDer|ived( De|
|000038c0| 72 69 76 65 64 2a 20 6f | 62 6a 20 29 0d 7b 0d 20 |rived* o|bj ).{. |
|000038d0| 20 20 20 64 65 6c 65 74 | 65 20 6f 62 6a 3b 20 20 |   delet|e obj;  |
|000038e0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 2f |        |       /|
|000038f0| 2f 20 44 65 6c 65 74 65 | 20 6f 62 6a 0d 7d 0d 20 |/ Delete| obj.}. |
|00003900| 0d 76 6f 69 64 20 20 20 | 20 44 65 6c 65 74 65 42 |.void   | DeleteB|
|00003910| 61 73 65 28 20 42 61 73 | 65 2a 20 6f 62 6a 20 29 |ase( Bas|e* obj )|
|00003920| 0d 7b 0d 20 20 20 20 64 | 65 6c 65 74 65 20 6f 62 |.{.    d|elete ob|
|00003930| 6a 3b 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |j;      |        |
|00003940| 20 20 20 2f 2f 20 44 65 | 6c 65 74 65 20 6f 62 6a |   // De|lete obj|
|00003950| 0d 7d 0d 20 0d 6d 61 69 | 6e 28 29 0d 7b 0d 20 20 |.}. .mai|n().{.  |
|00003960| 20 20 44 65 72 69 76 65 | 64 2a 20 20 20 20 62 31 |  Derive|d*    b1|
|00003970| 20 3d 20 6e 65 77 20 44 | 65 72 69 76 65 64 3b 0d | = new D|erived;.|
|00003980| 20 20 20 20 44 65 72 69 | 76 65 64 2a 20 20 20 20 |    Deri|ved*    |
|00003990| 62 32 20 3d 20 6e 65 77 | 20 44 65 72 69 76 65 64 |b2 = new| Derived|
|000039a0| 3b 0d 20 20 20 20 0d 20 | 20 20 20 44 65 6c 65 74 |;.    . |   Delet|
|000039b0| 65 44 65 72 69 76 65 64 | 28 20 62 31 20 29 3b 20 |eDerived|( b1 ); |
|000039c0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 2f | 2f 20 43 6f 72 72 65 63 |       /|/ Correc|
|000039d0| 74 6c 79 20 63 61 6c 6c | 73 20 7e 44 65 72 69 76 |tly call|s ~Deriv|
|000039e0| 65 64 28 29 2e 0d 20 20 | 20 20 44 65 6c 65 74 65 |ed()..  |  Delete|
|000039f0| 42 61 73 65 28 20 62 32 | 20 29 3b 20 20 20 20 20 |Base( b2| );     |
|00003a00| 20 20 20 20 20 20 2f 2f | 20 43 61 6c 6c 73 20 2a |      //| Calls *|
|00003a10| 6e 6f 2a 20 64 65 73 74 | 72 75 63 74 6f 72 73 0d |no* dest|ructors.|
|00003a20| 20 20 20 20 0d 20 20 20 | 20 72 65 74 75 72 6e 20 |    .   | return |
|00003a30| 30 3b 0d 7d 0d 20 0d 2d | 20 2d 2d 2d 20 65 6e 64 |0;.}. .-| --- end|
|00003a40| 20 6f 66 20 74 65 73 74 | 2e 63 70 20 2d 2d 2d 2d | of test|.cp ----|
|00003a50| 2d 0d 20 0d 2d 20 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |-. .- --|--------|
|00003a60| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00003a70| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00003a80| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |--------|--------|
|00003a90| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 0d 43 68 65 6c 6c 79 20 |--------|.Chelly |
|00003aa0| 47 72 65 65 6e 20 27 41 | 6e 74 27 20 20 20 20 20 |Green 'A|nt'     |
|00003ab0| 20 20 20 20 20 3c 63 67 | 72 65 65 6e 25 70 6f 64 |     <cg|reen%pod|
|00003ac0| 62 6f 78 2e 75 75 63 70 | 40 63 73 2e 75 74 65 78 |box.uucp|@cs.utex|
|00003ad0| 61 73 2e 65 64 75 3e 0d | 0d 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b |as.edu>.|.+++++++|
|00003ae0| 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b | 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b |++++++++|++++++++|
|00003af0| 2b 2b 2b 2b 0d 0d 3e 46 | 72 6f 6d 20 6e 65 65 72 |++++..>F|rom neer|
|00003b00| 69 40 69 69 73 2e 65 65 | 2e 65 74 68 7a 2e 63 68 |i@iis.ee|.ethz.ch|
|00003b10| 20 28 4d 61 74 74 68 69 | 61 73 20 4e 65 65 72 61 | (Matthi|as Neera|
|00003b20| 63 68 65 72 29 0d 44 61 | 74 65 3a 20 32 38 20 4a |cher).Da|te: 28 J|
|00003b30| 75 6c 20 31 39 39 34 20 | 31 35 3a 35 33 3a 30 39 |ul 1994 |15:53:09|
|00003b40| 20 47 4d 54 0d 4f 72 67 | 61 6e 69 7a 61 74 69 6f | GMT.Org|anizatio|
|00003b50| 6e 3a 20 49 6e 74 65 67 | 72 61 74 65 64 20 53 79 |n: Integ|rated Sy|
|00003b60| 73 74 65 6d 73 20 4c 61 | 62 6f 72 61 74 6f 72 79 |stems La|boratory|
|00003b70| 2c 20 45 54 48 2c 20 5a | 75 72 69 63 68 0d 0d 49 |, ETH, Z|urich..I|
|00003b80| 6e 20 61 72 74 69 63 6c | 65 20 3c 39 71 39 34 50 |n articl|e <9q94P|
|00003b90| 63 32 77 31 36 35 77 40 | 6b 75 6e 69 6b 70 6f 6b |c2w165w@|kunikpok|
|00003ba0| 2e 69 63 75 73 2e 63 6f | 6d 3e 20 61 6e 74 40 6b |.icus.co|m> ant@k|
|00003bb0| 75 6e 69 6b 70 6f 6b 2e | 69 63 75 73 2e 63 6f 6d |unikpok.|icus.com|
|00003bc0| 20 28 68 61 6e 64 6c 65 | 29 20 77 72 69 74 65 73 | (handle|) writes|
|00003bd0| 3a 0d 3e 20 49 27 6d 20 | 68 61 76 69 6e 67 20 61 |:.> I'm |having a|
|00003be0| 20 70 72 6f 62 6c 65 6d | 20 77 69 74 68 20 64 65 | problem| with de|
|00003bf0| 73 74 72 75 63 74 6f 72 | 73 2e 20 49 74 20 70 6f |structor|s. It po|
|00003c00| 70 70 65 64 20 75 70 20 | 69 6e 20 61 20 66 61 69 |pped up |in a fai|
|00003c10| 72 6c 79 20 6c 61 72 67 | 65 0d 3e 20 68 69 65 72 |rly larg|e.> hier|
|00003c20| 61 72 63 68 79 2c 20 61 | 6e 64 20 49 27 76 65 20 |archy, a|nd I've |
|00003c30| 62 6f 69 6c 65 64 20 69 | 74 20 64 6f 77 6e 20 74 |boiled i|t down t|
|00003c40| 6f 20 74 68 65 20 73 69 | 6d 70 6c 65 73 74 20 70 |o the si|mplest p|
|00003c50| 6f 73 73 69 62 6c 65 20 | 62 65 6c 6f 77 2e 20 49 |ossible |below. I|
|00003c60| 66 0d 3e 20 49 20 63 61 | 6c 6c 20 61 20 66 75 6e |f.> I ca|ll a fun|
|00003c70| 63 74 69 6f 6e 20 77 68 | 69 63 68 20 61 63 63 65 |ction wh|ich acce|
|00003c80| 70 74 73 20 61 20 70 6f | 69 6e 74 65 72 20 74 6f |pts a po|inter to|
|00003c90| 20 42 61 73 65 2c 20 62 | 75 74 20 74 68 65 20 70 | Base, b|ut the p|
|00003ca0| 6f 69 6e 74 65 72 20 69 | 73 0d 3e 20 6f 66 20 63 |ointer i|s.> of c|
|00003cb0| 6c 61 73 73 20 44 65 72 | 69 76 65 64 2c 20 77 68 |lass Der|ived, wh|
|00003cc0| 65 6e 20 74 68 65 20 66 | 75 6e 63 74 69 6f 6e 20 |en the f|unction |
|00003cd0| 64 65 6c 65 74 65 73 20 | 74 68 65 20 6f 62 6a 65 |deletes |the obje|
|00003ce0| 63 74 2c 20 69 74 20 64 | 6f 65 73 6e 27 74 0d 3e |ct, it d|oesn't.>|
|00003cf0| 20 63 61 6c 6c 20 44 65 | 72 69 76 65 64 27 73 20 | call De|rived's |
|00003d00| 64 65 73 74 72 75 63 74 | 6f 72 2e 20 49 66 20 49 |destruct|or. If I|
|00003d10| 20 61 64 64 20 61 20 64 | 65 73 74 72 75 63 74 6f | add a d|estructo|
|00003d20| 72 20 74 6f 20 42 61 73 | 65 2c 20 74 68 65 6e 20 |r to Bas|e, then |
|00003d30| 69 74 0d 3e 20 63 61 6c | 6c 73 20 44 65 72 69 76 |it.> cal|ls Deriv|
|00003d40| 65 64 27 73 20 64 65 73 | 74 72 75 63 74 6f 72 2c |ed's des|tructor,|
|00003d50| 20 74 68 65 6e 20 42 61 | 73 65 27 73 20 64 65 73 | then Ba|se's des|
|00003d60| 74 72 75 63 74 6f 72 20 | 28 61 73 20 49 20 77 6f |tructor |(as I wo|
|00003d70| 75 6c 64 20 65 78 70 65 | 63 74 29 2e 0d 3e 20 54 |uld expe|ct)..> T|
|00003d80| 68 69 73 20 73 65 65 6d | 73 20 6c 69 6b 65 20 69 |his seem|s like i|
|00003d90| 6e 63 6f 6e 73 69 73 74 | 65 6e 74 20 62 65 68 61 |nconsist|ent beha|
|00003da0| 76 69 6f 75 72 2e 20 49 | 73 20 74 68 69 73 20 63 |viour. I|s this c|
|00003db0| 6f 72 72 65 63 74 20 43 | 2b 2b 3f 0d 0d 59 65 73 |orrect C|++?..Yes|
|00003dc0| 2e 0d 0d 3e 20 49 20 6e | 65 65 64 20 74 6f 20 67 |...> I n|eed to g|
|00003dd0| 65 74 20 69 74 20 74 6f | 20 63 6f 72 72 65 63 74 |et it to| correct|
|00003de0| 6c 79 20 63 61 6c 6c 20 | 44 65 72 69 76 65 64 27 |ly call |Derived'|
|00003df0| 73 20 64 65 73 74 72 75 | 63 74 6f 72 2e 20 49 20 |s destru|ctor. I |
|00003e00| 64 6f 6e 27 74 20 77 61 | 6e 74 20 74 6f 20 68 61 |don't wa|nt to ha|
|00003e10| 76 65 0d 3e 20 74 6f 20 | 61 64 64 20 61 20 64 65 |ve.> to |add a de|
|00003e20| 73 74 72 75 63 74 6f 72 | 20 74 6f 20 42 61 73 65 |structor| to Base|
|00003e30| 20 28 69 74 20 64 6f 65 | 73 6e 74 20 6e 65 65 64 | (it doe|snt need|
|00003e40| 20 6f 6e 65 29 2e 0d 0d | 57 65 6c 6c 2c 20 49 27 | one)...|Well, I'|
|00003e50| 6c 6c 20 73 74 61 72 74 | 20 77 69 74 68 20 74 68 |ll start| with th|
|00003e60| 65 20 61 72 67 75 6d 65 | 6e 74 20 62 79 20 61 75 |e argume|nt by au|
|00003e70| 74 68 6f 72 69 74 79 3a | 0d 0d 54 6f 20 71 75 6f |thority:|..To quo|
|00003e80| 74 65 20 42 6a 61 72 6e | 65 20 53 74 72 6f 75 73 |te Bjarn|e Strous|
|00003e90| 74 72 75 70 2c 20 5f 54 | 68 65 20 43 2b 2b 20 50 |trup, _T|he C++ P|
|00003ea0| 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 6d 69 | 6e 67 20 4c 61 6e 67 75 |rogrammi|ng Langu|
|00003eb0| 61 67 65 5f 2c 20 32 6e | 64 20 65 64 69 74 69 6f |age_, 2n|d editio|
|00003ec0| 6e 3a 0d 23 20 49 6e 20 | 67 65 6e 65 72 61 6c 2c |n:.# In |general,|
|00003ed0| 20 69 74 20 69 73 20 77 | 69 73 65 20 74 6f 20 73 | it is w|ise to s|
|00003ee0| 75 70 70 6c 79 20 61 20 | 76 69 72 74 75 61 6c 20 |upply a |virtual |
|00003ef0| 64 65 73 74 72 75 63 74 | 6f 72 20 69 6e 20 61 6c |destruct|or in al|
|00003f00| 6c 20 63 6c 61 73 73 65 | 73 20 74 68 61 74 0d 23 |l classe|s that.#|
|00003f10| 20 61 63 74 20 61 73 20 | 61 20 62 61 73 65 20 63 | act as |a base c|
|00003f20| 6c 61 73 73 20 69 6e 20 | 74 68 65 20 73 65 6e 73 |lass in |the sens|
|00003f30| 65 20 74 68 61 74 20 6f | 62 6a 65 63 74 73 20 6f |e that o|bjects o|
|00003f40| 66 20 64 65 72 69 76 65 | 64 20 63 6c 61 73 73 65 |f derive|d classe|
|00003f50| 73 20 61 72 65 0d 23 20 | 6d 61 6e 69 70 75 6c 61 |s are.# |manipula|
|00003f60| 74 65 64 20 28 61 6e 64 | 20 70 6f 73 73 69 62 6c |ted (and| possibl|
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|00003f80| 67 68 20 61 20 70 6f 69 | 6e 74 65 72 20 74 6f 20 |gh a poi|nter to |
|00003f90| 74 68 65 20 62 61 73 65 | 2e 20 54 68 69 73 20 69 |the base|. This i|
|00003fa0| 73 0d 23 20 61 6c 6d 6f | 73 74 20 61 6c 77 61 79 |s.# almo|st alway|
|00003fb0| 73 20 74 68 65 20 63 61 | 73 65 20 66 6f 72 20 63 |s the ca|se for c|
|00003fc0| 6c 61 73 73 65 73 20 77 | 69 74 68 20 65 76 65 6e |lasses w|ith even|
|00003fd0| 20 61 20 73 69 6e 67 6c | 65 20 76 69 72 74 75 61 | a singl|e virtua|
|00003fe0| 6c 20 66 75 6e 63 74 69 | 6f 6e 2e 0d 0d 49 66 20 |l functi|on...If |
|00003ff0| 74 68 61 74 20 64 6f 65 | 73 6e 27 74 20 63 6f 6e |that doe|sn't con|
|00004000| 76 69 6e 63 65 20 79 6f | 75 2c 20 74 68 69 6e 6b |vince yo|u, think|
|00004010| 20 61 62 6f 75 74 20 69 | 74 20 69 6e 20 74 65 63 | about i|t in tec|
|00004020| 68 6e 69 63 61 6c 20 74 | 65 72 6d 73 3a 20 48 6f |hnical t|erms: Ho|
|00004030| 77 20 69 73 0d 74 68 65 | 20 63 6f 6d 70 69 6c 65 |w is.the| compile|
|00004040| 72 20 74 6f 20 6b 6e 6f | 77 20 74 6f 20 63 61 6c |r to kno|w to cal|
|00004050| 6c 20 61 20 64 65 73 74 | 72 75 63 74 6f 72 20 6f |l a dest|ructor o|
|00004060| 66 20 74 68 65 20 64 65 | 72 69 76 65 64 20 63 6c |f the de|rived cl|
|00004070| 61 73 73 20 6f 6e 20 61 | 0d 0d 64 65 6c 65 74 65 |ass on a|..delete|
|00004080| 20 62 61 73 65 3b 0d 0d | 73 74 61 74 65 6d 65 6e | base;..|statemen|
|00004090| 74 2c 20 75 6e 6c 65 73 | 73 20 74 68 65 20 62 61 |t, unles|s the ba|
|000040a0| 73 65 20 63 6c 61 73 73 | 20 70 72 6f 76 69 64 65 |se class| provide|
|000040b0| 73 20 61 20 68 69 6e 74 | 20 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 |s a hint| in the |
|000040c0| 66 6f 72 6d 20 6f 66 20 | 61 20 76 69 72 74 75 61 |form of |a virtua|
|000040d0| 6c 0d 64 65 73 74 72 75 | 63 74 6f 72 2e 0d 0d 3e |l.destru|ctor...>|
|000040e0| 49 66 20 79 6f 75 72 20 | 72 65 73 70 6f 6e 73 65 |If your |response|
|000040f0| 20 69 73 20 22 6a 75 73 | 74 0d 3e 20 61 64 64 20 | is "jus|t.> add |
|00004100| 6f 6e 65 20 61 6e 79 77 | 61 79 22 2c 20 49 20 6d |one anyw|ay", I m|
|00004110| 75 73 74 20 70 6f 69 6e | 74 20 74 68 69 73 20 6f |ust poin|t this o|
|00004120| 75 74 3a 20 49 66 20 74 | 68 69 73 20 69 73 20 61 |ut: If t|his is a|
|00004130| 20 62 75 67 2c 20 74 68 | 65 6e 20 6c 65 74 27 73 | bug, th|en let's|
|00004140| 20 66 69 6e 64 20 6f 75 | 74 0d 3e 20 61 6c 6c 20 | find ou|t.> all |
|00004150| 74 68 65 20 72 61 6d 69 | 66 69 63 61 74 69 6f 6e |the rami|fication|
|00004160| 73 2c 20 69 6e 73 74 65 | 61 64 20 6f 66 20 6a 75 |s, inste|ad of ju|
|00004170| 73 74 20 69 67 6e 6f 72 | 69 6e 67 20 69 74 2e 0d |st ignor|ing it..|
|00004180| 0d 59 6f 75 72 20 61 74 | 74 69 74 75 64 65 20 69 |.Your at|titude i|
|00004190| 73 20 63 6f 72 72 65 63 | 74 2c 20 62 75 74 20 69 |s correc|t, but i|
|000041a0| 74 27 73 20 6e 6f 74 20 | 61 20 62 75 67 2e 0d 0d |t's not |a bug...|
|000041b0| 3e 20 49 20 61 6d 20 75 | 73 69 6e 67 20 28 68 6f |> I am u|sing (ho|
|000041c0| 77 20 6f 6e 20 65 61 72 | 74 68 20 64 69 64 20 79 |w on ear|th did y|
|000041d0| 6f 75 20 67 75 65 73 73 | 3f 3f 29 20 53 79 6d 61 |ou guess|??) Syma|
|000041e0| 6e 74 65 63 20 43 2b 2b | 20 37 2e 30 2e 33 20 20 |ntec C++| 7.0.3  |
|000041f0| 3a 29 0d 20 0d 41 77 77 | 77 2c 20 6c 65 61 76 65 |:). .Aww|w, leave|
|00004200| 20 74 68 6f 73 65 20 70 | 6f 6f 72 20 53 79 6d 61 | those p|oor Syma|
|00004210| 6e 74 65 63 20 63 6f 6d | 70 69 6c 65 72 20 67 75 |ntec com|piler gu|
|00004220| 79 73 20 61 6c 6f 6e 65 | 20 66 6f 72 20 61 20 63 |ys alone| for a c|
|00004230| 68 61 6e 67 65 20 61 6e | 64 20 6c 65 74 20 74 68 |hange an|d let th|
|00004240| 65 6d 0d 66 69 78 20 74 | 68 65 20 62 75 67 73 20 |em.fix t|he bugs |
|00004250| 74 68 61 74 20 2a 61 72 | 65 2a 20 74 68 65 72 65 |that *ar|e* there|
|00004260| 20 28 41 73 20 74 68 65 | 20 22 2a 3d 22 20 74 68 | (As the| "*=" th|
|00004270| 72 65 61 64 20 68 61 73 | 20 73 68 6f 77 6e 2c 20 |read has| shown, |
|00004280| 69 74 20 69 73 20 68 61 | 72 64 20 65 6e 6f 75 67 |it is ha|rd enoug|
|00004290| 68 0d 74 6f 20 63 6f 6e | 76 69 6e 63 65 20 74 68 |h.to con|vince th|
|000042a0| 65 6d 20 6f 66 20 74 68 | 6f 73 65 20 61 6c 72 65 |em of th|ose alre|
|000042b0| 61 64 79 2e 20 54 68 65 | 20 4d 65 74 72 6f 77 65 |ady. The| Metrowe|
|000042c0| 72 6b 73 20 67 75 79 73 | 2c 20 6f 6e 20 74 68 65 |rks guys|, on the|
|000042d0| 20 6f 74 68 65 72 20 68 | 61 6e 64 2c 0d 64 69 64 | other h|and,.did|
|000042e0| 6e 27 74 20 65 78 70 6c | 69 63 69 74 65 6c 79 20 |n't expl|icitely |
|000042f0| 61 64 6d 69 74 20 74 68 | 61 74 20 69 74 20 77 61 |admit th|at it wa|
|00004300| 73 20 61 20 62 75 67 2c | 20 62 75 74 20 70 72 6f |s a bug,| but pro|
|00004310| 6d 69 73 65 64 20 74 6f | 20 66 69 78 20 69 74 20 |mised to| fix it |
|00004320| 3a 2d 29 2e 0d 0d 4d 61 | 74 74 68 69 61 73 0d 0d |:-)...Ma|tthias..|
|00004330| 2d 20 2d 2d 2d 0d 4d 61 | 74 74 68 69 61 73 20 4e |- ---.Ma|tthias N|
|00004340| 65 65 72 61 63 68 65 72 | 20 3c 6e 65 65 72 69 40 |eeracher| <neeri@|
|00004350| 69 69 73 2e 65 65 2e 65 | 74 68 7a 2e 63 68 3e 20 |iis.ee.e|thz.ch> |
|00004360| 68 74 74 70 3a 2f 2f 65 | 72 72 2e 65 74 68 7a 2e |http://e|rr.ethz.|
|00004370| 63 68 2f 6d 65 6d 62 65 | 72 73 2f 6e 65 65 72 69 |ch/membe|rs/neeri|
|00004380| 2e 68 74 6d 6c 0d 20 20 | 22 50 61 72 61 6e 6f 74 |.html.  |"Paranot|
|00004390| 69 6f 6e 73 2c 20 77 68 | 69 63 68 20 64 65 73 69 |ions, wh|ich desi|
|000043a0| 67 6e 61 74 65 20 63 6f | 6e 73 74 72 75 63 74 73 |gnate co|nstructs|
|000043b0| 2c 20 6d 61 79 20 6e 6f | 77 20 63 6f 6e 74 61 69 |, may no|w contai|
|000043c0| 6e 20 6d 65 74 61 6e 6f | 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 61 6e |n metano|tions an|
|000043d0| 64 0d 20 20 20 60 60 68 | 79 70 65 72 6e 6f 74 69 |d.   ``h|ypernoti|
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|000043f0| 69 6e 74 72 6f 64 75 63 | 65 64 20 69 6e 20 6f 72 |introduc|ed in or|
|00004400| 64 65 72 20 74 6f 20 64 | 65 73 69 67 6e 61 74 65 |der to d|esignate|
|00004410| 20 70 72 6f 74 6f 6e 6f | 74 69 6f 6e 73 22 0d 20 | protono|tions". |
|00004420| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 2d |        |       -|
|00004430| 2d 20 41 2e 20 76 61 6e | 20 57 69 6a 6e 67 61 61 |- A. van| Wijngaa|
|00004440| 72 64 65 6e 20 65 74 20 | 61 6c 2e 2c 20 5f 41 4c |rden et |al., _AL|
|00004450| 47 4f 4c 20 36 38 20 52 | 65 76 69 73 65 64 20 52 |GOL 68 R|evised R|
|00004460| 65 70 6f 72 74 5f 0d 0d | 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b |eport_..|++++++++|
|00004470| 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b | 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b |++++++++|++++++++|
|00004480| 2b 2b 2b 0d 0d 3e 46 72 | 6f 6d 20 6e 61 67 6c 65 |+++..>Fr|om nagle|
|00004490| 40 6e 65 74 63 6f 6d 2e | 63 6f 6d 20 28 4a 6f 68 |@netcom.|com (Joh|
|000044a0| 6e 20 4e 61 67 6c 65 29 | 0d 44 61 74 65 3a 20 46 |n Nagle)|.Date: F|
|000044b0| 72 69 2c 20 32 39 20 4a | 75 6c 20 31 39 39 34 20 |ri, 29 J|ul 1994 |
|000044c0| 30 34 3a 30 38 3a 32 38 | 20 47 4d 54 0d 4f 72 67 |04:08:28| GMT.Org|
|000044d0| 61 6e 69 7a 61 74 69 6f | 6e 3a 20 4e 45 54 43 4f |anizatio|n: NETCO|
|000044e0| 4d 20 4f 6e 2d 6c 69 6e | 65 20 43 6f 6d 6d 75 6e |M On-lin|e Commun|
|000044f0| 69 63 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 | 53 65 72 76 69 63 65 73 |ication |Services|
|00004500| 20 28 34 30 38 20 32 36 | 31 2d 34 37 30 30 20 67 | (408 26|1-4700 g|
|00004510| 75 65 73 74 29 0d 0d 6e | 65 65 72 69 40 69 69 73 |uest)..n|eeri@iis|
|00004520| 2e 65 65 2e 65 74 68 7a | 2e 63 68 20 28 4d 61 74 |.ee.ethz|.ch (Mat|
|00004530| 74 68 69 61 73 20 4e 65 | 65 72 61 63 68 65 72 29 |thias Ne|eracher)|
|00004540| 20 77 72 69 74 65 73 3a | 0d 3e 49 6e 20 61 72 74 | writes:|.>In art|
|00004550| 69 63 6c 65 20 3c 39 71 | 39 34 50 63 32 77 31 36 |icle <9q|94Pc2w16|
|00004560| 35 77 40 6b 75 6e 69 6b | 70 6f 6b 2e 69 63 75 73 |5w@kunik|pok.icus|
|00004570| 2e 63 6f 6d 3e 20 61 6e | 74 40 6b 75 6e 69 6b 70 |.com> an|t@kunikp|
|00004580| 6f 6b 2e 69 63 75 73 2e | 63 6f 6d 20 28 68 61 6e |ok.icus.|com (han|
|00004590| 64 6c 65 29 20 77 72 69 | 74 65 73 3a 0d 3e 3e 20 |dle) wri|tes:.>> |
|000045a0| 49 27 6d 20 68 61 76 69 | 6e 67 20 61 20 70 72 6f |I'm havi|ng a pro|
|000045b0| 62 6c 65 6d 20 77 69 74 | 68 20 64 65 73 74 72 75 |blem wit|h destru|
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|00004610| 68 65 20 73 69 6d 70 6c | 65 73 74 20 70 6f 73 73 |he simpl|est poss|
|00004620| 69 62 6c 65 20 62 65 6c | 6f 77 2e 20 49 66 0d 3e |ible bel|ow. If.>|
|00004630| 3e 20 49 20 63 61 6c 6c | 20 61 20 66 75 6e 63 74 |> I call| a funct|
|00004640| 69 6f 6e 20 77 68 69 63 | 68 20 61 63 63 65 70 74 |ion whic|h accept|
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|000046c0| 20 63 61 6c 6c 20 44 65 | 72 69 76 65 64 27 73 20 | call De|rived's |
|000046d0| 64 65 73 74 72 75 63 74 | 6f 72 2e 20 49 66 20 49 |destruct|or. If I|
|000046e0| 20 61 64 64 20 61 20 64 | 65 73 74 72 75 63 74 6f | add a d|estructo|
|000046f0| 72 20 74 6f 20 42 61 73 | 65 2c 20 74 68 65 6e 20 |r to Bas|e, then |
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|00004750| 20 54 68 69 73 20 73 65 | 65 6d 73 20 6c 69 6b 65 | This se|ems like|
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|00004790| 59 65 73 2e 0d 0d 20 20 | 20 20 20 54 68 61 74 27 |Yes...  |   That'|
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|00004830| 68 65 20 73 61 6d 65 2c | 20 70 6c 75 73 20 74 68 |he same,| plus th|
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|00004a10| 20 20 49 66 20 79 6f 75 | 20 77 61 6e 74 0d 6e 6f |  If you| want.no|
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|00004a30| 73 65 6d 61 6e 74 69 63 | 73 2c 20 79 6f 75 20 68 |semantic|s, you h|
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|00004af0| 61 6d 6d 65 72 73 2e 0d | 0d 09 09 09 09 09 4a 6f |ammers..|......Jo|
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|00004b30| 6f 6c 6f 66 66 40 6d 76 | 2e 6d 76 2e 63 6f 6d 20 |oloff@mv|.mv.com |
|00004b40| 28 4a 69 6d 20 53 6f 6b | 6f 6c 6f 66 66 29 0d 44 |(Jim Sok|oloff).D|
|00004b50| 61 74 65 3a 20 54 68 75 | 2c 20 32 38 20 4a 75 6c |ate: Thu|, 28 Jul|
|00004b60| 20 31 39 39 34 20 32 30 | 3a 30 34 3a 32 34 20 47 | 1994 20|:04:24 G|
|00004b70| 4d 54 0d 4f 72 67 61 6e | 69 7a 61 74 69 6f 6e 3a |MT.Organ|ization:|
|00004b80| 20 4d 56 20 43 6f 6d 6d | 75 6e 69 63 61 74 69 6f | MV Comm|unicatio|
|00004b90| 6e 73 2c 20 49 6e 63 2e | 0d 0d 49 6e 20 61 72 74 |ns, Inc.|..In art|
|00004ba0| 69 63 6c 65 20 3c 39 71 | 39 34 50 63 32 77 31 36 |icle <9q|94Pc2w16|
|00004bb0| 35 77 40 6b 75 6e 69 6b | 70 6f 6b 2e 69 63 75 73 |5w@kunik|pok.icus|
|00004bc0| 2e 63 6f 6d 3e 2c 0d 68 | 61 6e 64 6c 65 20 3c 61 |.com>,.h|andle <a|
|00004bd0| 6e 74 40 6b 75 6e 69 6b | 70 6f 6b 2e 69 63 75 73 |nt@kunik|pok.icus|
|00004be0| 2e 63 6f 6d 3e 20 77 72 | 6f 74 65 3a 0d 3e 49 27 |.com> wr|ote:.>I'|
|00004bf0| 6d 20 68 61 76 69 6e 67 | 20 61 20 70 72 6f 62 6c |m having| a probl|
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|00004c10| 6f 72 73 2e 20 49 74 20 | 70 6f 70 70 65 64 20 75 |ors. It |popped u|
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|00004c40| 61 6e 64 20 49 27 76 65 | 20 62 6f 69 6c 65 64 20 |and I've| boiled |
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|00004c60| 69 6d 70 6c 65 73 74 20 | 70 6f 73 73 69 62 6c 65 |implest |possible|
|00004c70| 20 62 65 6c 6f 77 2e 20 | 49 66 0d 3e 49 20 63 61 | below. |If.>I ca|
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|00004cc0| 73 0d 3e 6f 66 20 63 6c | 61 73 73 20 44 65 72 69 |s.>of cl|ass Deri|
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|00004d20| 2e 20 49 66 20 49 20 61 | 64 64 20 61 20 64 65 73 |. If I a|dd a des|
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|00004dd0| 49 20 6e 65 65 64 20 74 | 6f 0d 3e 67 65 74 20 69 |I need t|o.>get i|
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|00005000| 28 46 72 6f 6d 20 79 6f | 75 72 20 70 65 72 73 70 |(From yo|ur persp|
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|00005070| 68 61 70 70 65 6e 69 6e | 67 2c 20 61 6e 64 0d 79 |happenin|g, and.y|
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|000050a0| 0d 2d 20 2d 4a 69 6d 0d | 0d 0d 0d 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b |.- -Jim.|...+++++|
|000050b0| 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b | 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b |++++++++|++++++++|
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|00005fd0| 73 6e 27 74 0d 65 6e 66 | 6f 72 63 65 20 69 74 20 |sn't.enf|orce it |
|00005fe0| 28 77 68 61 74 20 61 20 | 67 72 65 61 74 20 6f 70 |(what a |great op|
|00005ff0| 74 69 6f 6e 61 6c 20 77 | 61 72 6e 69 6e 67 21 29 |tional w|arning!)|
|00006000| 2c 20 74 68 65 20 6f 6e | 6c 79 20 74 68 69 6e 67 |, the on|ly thing|
|00006010| 20 79 6f 75 20 63 61 6e | 20 64 6f 20 69 73 0d 61 | you can| do is.a|
|00006020| 64 64 20 69 74 20 74 6f | 20 79 6f 75 72 20 6c 69 |dd it to| your li|
|00006030| 73 74 20 6f 66 20 63 6f | 64 69 6e 67 20 67 75 69 |st of co|ding gui|
|00006040| 64 65 6c 69 6e 65 73 2e | 20 20 53 63 6f 74 74 20 |delines.|  Scott |
|00006050| 4d 65 79 65 72 27 73 20 | 69 73 20 6e 6f 77 20 77 |Meyer's |is now w|
|00006060| 72 69 74 69 6e 67 20 61 | 0d 63 6f 6c 75 6d 6e 20 |riting a|.column |
|00006070| 66 6f 72 20 74 68 65 20 | 43 2b 2b 20 52 65 70 6f |for the |C++ Repo|
|00006080| 72 74 20 77 68 69 63 68 | 20 63 6f 6e 74 69 6e 75 |rt which| continu|
|00006090| 65 73 20 74 68 65 20 73 | 65 74 20 6f 66 20 67 75 |es the s|et of gu|
|000060a0| 69 64 65 6c 69 6e 65 73 | 20 68 65 0d 65 73 74 61 |idelines| he.esta|
|000060b0| 62 6c 69 73 68 65 64 20 | 69 6e 20 68 69 73 20 28 |blished |in his (|
|000060c0| 74 72 75 6c 79 20 65 78 | 63 65 6c 6c 65 6e 74 29 |truly ex|cellent)|
|000060d0| 20 62 6f 6f 6b 20 22 45 | 66 66 65 63 74 69 76 65 | book "E|ffective|
|000060e0| 20 43 2b 2b 3a 20 35 30 | 20 53 70 65 63 69 66 69 | C++: 50| Specifi|
|000060f0| 63 20 57 61 79 73 0d 74 | 6f 20 49 6d 70 72 6f 76 |c Ways.t|o Improv|
|00006100| 65 20 59 6f 75 72 20 50 | 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 73 20 |e Your P|rograms |
|00006110| 61 6e 64 20 44 65 73 69 | 67 6e 73 22 2e 20 20 48 |and Desi|gns".  H|
|00006120| 69 73 20 6d 6f 73 74 20 | 72 65 63 65 6e 74 20 63 |is most |recent c|
|00006130| 6f 6c 75 6d 6e 20 70 72 | 65 73 65 6e 74 73 0d 74 |olumn pr|esents.t|
|00006140| 68 65 20 67 75 69 64 65 | 6c 69 6e 65 3a 20 22 41 |he guide|line: "A|
|00006150| 76 6f 69 64 20 68 61 76 | 69 6e 67 20 63 6f 6e 63 |void hav|ing conc|
|00006160| 72 65 74 65 20 63 6c 61 | 73 73 65 73 20 69 6e 68 |rete cla|sses inh|
|00006170| 65 72 69 74 20 66 72 6f | 6d 20 63 6f 6e 63 72 65 |erit fro|m concre|
|00006180| 74 65 0d 63 6c 61 73 73 | 65 73 22 2e 20 20 43 6f |te.class|es".  Co|
|00006190| 75 70 6c 65 20 74 68 69 | 73 20 77 69 74 68 20 74 |uple thi|s with t|
|000061a0| 68 65 20 67 75 69 64 65 | 6c 69 6e 65 20 22 4d 61 |he guide|line "Ma|
|000061b0| 6b 65 20 64 65 73 74 72 | 75 63 74 6f 72 73 20 76 |ke destr|uctors v|
|000061c0| 69 72 74 75 61 6c 20 69 | 6e 0d 61 62 73 74 72 61 |irtual i|n.abstra|
|000061d0| 63 74 20 62 61 73 65 20 | 63 6c 61 73 73 65 73 22 |ct base |classes"|
|000061e0| 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 79 6f | 75 27 72 65 20 77 65 6c |, and yo|u're wel|
|000061f0| 6c 20 63 6f 76 65 72 65 | 64 2e 0d 0d 42 79 20 74 |l covere|d...By t|
|00006200| 68 65 20 77 61 79 2c 20 | 69 66 20 74 68 65 20 67 |he way, |if the g|
|00006210| 75 69 64 65 6c 69 6e 65 | 20 61 67 61 69 6e 73 74 |uideline| against|
|00006220| 20 64 65 72 69 76 69 6e | 67 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 63 | derivin|g from c|
|00006230| 6f 6e 63 72 65 74 65 20 | 63 6c 61 73 73 65 73 20 |oncrete |classes |
|00006240| 73 65 65 6d 73 0d 77 72 | 6f 6e 67 20 74 6f 20 79 |seems.wr|ong to y|
|00006250| 6f 75 2c 20 49 20 68 69 | 67 68 6c 79 20 72 65 63 |ou, I hi|ghly rec|
|00006260| 6f 6d 6d 65 6e 64 20 79 | 6f 75 20 72 65 61 64 20 |ommend y|ou read |
|00006270| 74 68 65 20 61 72 74 69 | 63 6c 65 20 28 4a 75 6c |the arti|cle (Jul|
|00006280| 79 2d 41 75 67 75 73 74 | 20 39 34 0d 69 73 73 75 |y-August| 94.issu|
|00006290| 65 20 6f 66 20 43 2b 2b | 20 52 65 70 6f 72 74 2c |e of C++| Report,|
|000062a0| 20 73 68 6f 75 6c 64 20 | 73 74 69 6c 6c 20 62 65 | should |still be|
|000062b0| 20 6f 6e 20 74 68 65 20 | 6e 65 77 73 74 61 6e 64 | on the |newstand|
|000062c0| 73 29 2e 0d 0d 4a 69 6d | 20 4c 6c 6f 79 64 0d 61 |s)...Jim| Lloyd.a|
|000062d0| 66 63 6a 6c 6c 6f 79 64 | 40 61 6f 6c 2e 63 6f 6d |fcjlloyd|@aol.com|
|000062e0| 0d 20 0d 0d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d |. ..----|--------|
|000062f0| 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d | 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 0d |--------|-------.|
|00006300| 0d 3e 46 72 6f 6d 20 65 | 61 6a 6f 68 6e 73 6e 40 |.>From e|ajohnsn@|
|00006310| 62 6c 75 65 2e 77 65 65 | 67 2e 75 69 6f 77 61 2e |blue.wee|g.uiowa.|
|00006320| 65 64 75 20 28 45 72 69 | 63 20 4a 6f 68 6e 73 6f |edu (Eri|c Johnso|
|00006330| 6e 29 0d 53 75 62 6a 65 | 63 74 3a 20 49 63 6f 6e |n).Subje|ct: Icon|
|00006340| 20 70 6f 73 69 74 69 6f | 6e 73 20 6f 6e 20 64 65 | positio|ns on de|
|00006350| 73 6b 74 6f 70 0d 44 61 | 74 65 3a 20 32 35 20 4a |sktop.Da|te: 25 J|
|00006360| 75 6c 20 31 39 39 34 20 | 31 38 3a 31 32 3a 33 33 |ul 1994 |18:12:33|
|00006370| 20 2d 30 35 30 30 0d 4f | 72 67 61 6e 69 7a 61 74 | -0500.O|rganizat|
|00006380| 69 6f 6e 3a 20 55 6e 69 | 76 65 72 73 69 74 79 20 |ion: Uni|versity |
|00006390| 6f 66 20 49 6f 77 61 2c | 20 49 6f 77 61 20 43 69 |of Iowa,| Iowa Ci|
|000063a0| 74 79 2c 20 49 41 2c 20 | 55 53 41 0d 0d 48 6f 70 |ty, IA, |USA..Hop|
|000063b0| 65 20 74 68 69 73 20 69 | 73 6e 27 74 20 74 6f 6f |e this i|sn't too|
|000063c0| 20 6f 62 76 69 6f 75 73 | 2c 20 62 75 74 20 49 20 | obvious|, but I |
|000063d0| 6c 61 63 6b 20 6d 6f 73 | 74 20 72 65 66 65 72 65 |lack mos|t refere|
|000063e0| 6e 63 65 20 73 6f 75 72 | 63 65 73 2e 20 20 49 20 |nce sour|ces.  I |
|000063f0| 61 6d 20 0d 63 75 72 69 | 6f 75 73 20 68 6f 77 20 |am .curi|ous how |
+--------+-------------------------+-------------------------+--------+--------+